Some of the determining factors that contribute to Fuel Pump failure include low fuel levels, electrical issues, clogged filters, and overheating. Driving a car on low fuel subjects the pump to constant stress, as fuel also cools and lubricates internal pump components. It has been estimated through various studies that operation with less than a quarter tank can reduce service life by as much as 30%, since the temperature from the lack of cooling increases wear on the parts. This makes low fuel one of the most common causes of early pump failure since many drivers are never aware of the risk.
Other major risks include electrical issues. The Fuel Pump relies on constant 12-volt power for effective operation. Voltage drops can be caused by bad electrical connections, such as corroded wiring or a failing relay. When the voltage falls below that threshold, the pump will have to work much harder than it usually does to keep up the pressure. This can increase internal wear by as much as 20-25%. This is highly important because the defect of an electrical connection may result in intermittent operation or even complete failure of the pump, resulting in immediate vehicle stall or poor acceleration.
Other leading causes of strain on the pumps and their eventual failure include clogged fuel filters. While the purpose of fuel filters is to catch contaminants and debris, over time they can easily clog up and make it difficult for the pump to push fuel through. This increased strain can decrease pump efficiency by as much as 15% and even result in overheating. Replacing the fuel filter every 20,000 to 30,000 miles is highly recommended to help protect the pump from undue stress while ensuring optimum flow.
Overheating can occur with high-performance vehicles or with vehicles driven under conditions considered demanding, such as towing or driving off the road. High flow rates of fuel, typically in excess of 250 liters per hour in performance cars, require pumps capable of supporting such loads. Inadequate cooling and appropriate specification for the pump can result in overheating, which can lead to pump failure and, consequently, engine misfires and poor fuel economy, possibly resulting in very expensive repairs.
This being the case, negation of these maintenance factors heightens the chances of failure in the fuel pump. Thus, the essence of the need for regular inspection and replacement of parts on time is important. Preventive care minimizes breakdowns, ensures good engine performance, and offers viable fuel delivery; thus, it is important to keeping the vehicle and optimal driving.